How did Protestantism get its name, and what were some of the churches that belonged to this faith?
Because they protested against the Roman Catholic church. Churches Scandinavia and Switzerland.

What rules of behavior did John Calvin propose for his followers?
Work hard and save money.

What organization did Ignatius of Loyola form?
He formed the society of Jesus.

Why did Mary Tudor become known as "Bloody Mary"?
Because she wanted to make England to obey to the roman catholic church. Therefor she killed everybody who was no obeying (She burned hem by the stick or the head was chopped of).

How did the defeat of the spanish Armada help the Protestant cause?
It allowed europe to remain the Protestant stronghold.

What was the basis of alliances formed by German states in the 1590s and early 1600s.
The Germans based their alliances bases on religion.