2. 2 planes crash into both world trade centers, one crashes into the pentagon and one crashes near the whitehouse.

3. We have to change our way to get energy. We somehow have to decrease the the co2 use.

2. Yes, because it helps them to get economic power but only if they use it right.

3. It increased the the secruity on airports and planes. Increased technologies and it increased the fight against Terrorism.

1. It ended the cold war between Russia and America.
2. Violent groups who tried to get to power/ Terrorism. Economic Problems like high prices.
3. Iraq was forced to leave Kuwait, Hussein was still the countries leader. Iraq developed deadly nuclear bombs so America had to stop them. Iraq and the UN were still in conflict. U. S. gave Hussein money.
4. They carried out Airstrikes, to force different groups to take place in peace talks.
5. The trade with bllod diamonds from Terrosrist groups. The apartheid which forced the seperation of races. Lack of experience. Economic differences.
6. Telephones, Computers, Internet, Satellites.

1) What was the Apartheid?
A forced seperation of races in South Africa

2) What type of economic system did China move towards in the 1990s?
To capitalism.

3) Explain how nations responded to issues of war and peace after the Cold War ended.
Long standing issues between nations and groups of people erupted into violence and confusion. World leaders had to deal with scattered but well organized groups that used violence to archive their goals.

4) What were the Balkan Wars? 
The war against Yugoslavia or more against groups who tried to get to power after Josip Broz Tito died.

2. What changes took place in Eastern Europe as a result of reforms introduced by Mikhail Horbachev?
Polish government wanted new reforms. Communist government lost power in Poland as an result of election. Countries began to revolt and set up new governments.

3. Why did hardliners in the Soviet Union try to take control of the government?
Because they were mostly military leaders and would loose their power.

4. Do you think the world has seen the last of communism in Russia? Why or why not?
Because the world saw (as an example in Germany) that communism couldn't survive and weakened the economy. Therefor people or countries saw that capitalism strengthen the economy and was supporting its alliances.

1.) A Programm called the Marshall Plan which allowed for new factories to be built, mines to open, and road repairs. It improved Germany's Econemy and helped the people to "survive".

2.) To decrease the Number of people trying to run away from east Germany (DDR)

3.) He"defeated" Batista and then turned Cuba into a Communist government. Worked together with the Russians and almost started a WW3

4.) He wanted to remove undesirable members of the Communist Party and scholars.

5.) Democracy

6.) Food shortages, poor farming methods, and to use their energy resources they need skilled workers and more money, and children are not receiving education.

2. So that they could sell their goods in other member nations without paying tariffs. Also to get out of the crisis.

3. They wanted to prevent the people from leaving and that the alliats on the other side would not get more power and also products.

4. Because at the beginning it looked like he would bring to the people peace by saying things like free elections and social economic reforms. He lost it because he didn’t kept these and at the end returned the land to a dictatorship

5. I would live in America, I would oppose the war, because it was heir war, not ours. People wanted to fight and make their own revolution. Did other nations fought in the America Revoltuion.

Chapter 36 Questions 1-8

1. What were the main reasons for the rise of imperialism?
Factories needed raw materials, new trading partners to sell their products, nationalism and christianity was spreading.

2. How did some Europeans get colonial territory from African chiefs?
By trading guns and other goods.

3. What caused settlers to move into Transvaal after 1885?
Because Gold and Diamonds were found.

4. How did the British gain control over India?
By winning the Boar war which gave Great Britain India as a new colony.

5. What was the purpose of the Open Door Policy?
It gave everybody equal trading rights in China.

6. Why did Commodore Perry go to Japan in 1853?
To get a treaty to protect shipwrecket American Sailors.

7. Why was the United States interested in Latin America countries in the early 1900's?
Because America needed a way to protect its new territories so they tried to build colonies with their army ships so that they could support them.

8. How did Imperalism increase nationalism in the colonies?
Because colonists didn't wanted to accept how their language and culture was changed.



Since they couldn't understand each other, the Chiefs would receive guns and other goods when they signed treaties that got the colonists land.

Imperialism

Imperialism could grow mostly because factories needed recourses. Another one was, that they wanted to trade with other countries so they searched for other trade partners so that they could sell their products on the bigger market. Because the owners got so rich they  they needed to invest it somewhere. Thats why people started building more colonies.
Because Japan and America controlled at 1914 about 85% of the world, many wars between smaller towns stopped. The infrastructure, trade, sanitation and allot more was improved. Bad things were, that big racism and discriminations existed. In American colonies, people were against Japanese or black people, and in Japanese colonies the opposite. Revolts started in the colonies because they were forced to work at factories and plantations. They disliked colonial powers for trying to change their language and culture. At the end, the competition of the colonies led to World War I.

Chapter 35 sections 1 and 2

1. What was the Grand Empire?

It was the idea from Napoleon to make France bigger and better as the Holy Roman Empire.

2. Why did Napoleon's invasion of Russia fail?

Because Russia used the scorched earth policy. When the French army came, they burned the way back evry city on their way so that they wouldn't get supplies. Bu the time they came to Moscow, the Russian Winter came and killed 500000 People.

3. What were two goals of he Congress of Vienna?

They divided Napoleons Empire. Russia got Finnland and most of Poland. Sweden got Norway. Austria got Part of Northern Italy. Great Britain got the islands of Malta and Ceylon, as well as the Dutch Cape Colony in South Africa. Belgium and Holland were made into single Nations. The 39 single states of germany came into the rule of Austria.

4. What were some results of the revolutions of 1848?

In time, universal male suffrage spread to most northern and wesern european contries. Workers, who felt they had been cheated, began to form political parties. Soon there was a socialist Party in almost every european county.

Chapter 32 sections 1-2 questions

1. Why did civil war finally break out between the Crown and Parliament in 1642
Because once again Charles I accepted the laws Parliament passed and then disagreed them.

2. Why did Parliament remove James II from the throne?
Because they "didn't liked" him and also thought, that he wasn't a good ruler.

4.
England's Declaration of Rights addressed the issue of Parliament losing it's power to the monarchy. It protected the rights of the people and made Parliament stronger. The people were also able to petition the Crown without being afraid of being punished.

Page 520 #2-5

2. What groups made up the French estates?
At the top were the clergy, than the nobles, after them the other classes (bourgeoisie, city workers, and at the end the peasants)

3. What did the National Assembly do about the uprising in 1789?
They took away the privileges from the clergy and nobles.

4. Why did most reforms of the French Revolution come to an end under the Directory?
Because they focused more on food problems, the prizes and so on but not anymore on the French Revolution Reforms.

5. How did the storming of the Bastille help trigger the French Revolution?
This was the beginning of the French Revolution. The People finally began to change something. The Prison was a symbol for the bad government. It was like a Start shot.

1. 1400s: scientist started to break away from old ideas
    1500s: scientist found out the world is not flat
    1600: scientist learned about the gravitation and how objects move through space

2. It set the stage for the industrial revolution. It also gave new ways og growing crops and breeding animals were also developed.

3. It allowed horse drawn wagons to use the roads in all kinds of weather and travel faster

4. They got more rights, better conditions and could get products cheeper. They also got paid more wages.

5. The steam engine, water engine, spinning jenny, electric telegraph, the telephone, the electric light, the diesel engine, locomotives, flying shuttle

Rise of Industry

1. What scientific discoveries were made by Galileo Galilei?
He invented the telescope and started study the stars and planets. He learned the moon surface was not smooth and that the Milky Way holds a huge amounts of stars. Also that the sun rotates on its axis.

2. Why were Sir Isaac Newton's theories important?
Because the technology for today's rockets and space satellites is based on his work

3. What effect did the assembly line have on the type of workers needed for production?
You didn't needed skilled workers anymore. People just learned how they did their Part and than gave it to a person who also only knew their Part.

4. Why did transportation have to be improved during the Industrial Revolution?
Because the products were produced in masses. cities, towns and lands from all over the world bought the products and the raw materials and with a bad infrastructure they couldn't bring it to them, so they improved them.

Page 508 #2-4

2. Why did civil war finally break out between the crown and Parliament in 1642?
He agreed to a petition but then broke his word and dismissed Parliament

3. Why did Parliament remove James II from the throne?
James II brought up the wrath of the English people by favoring English Catholics and disregarding parliament and its laws. Parliament thought he was "dangerous" so they used the chance when they got it.

4. What was the central issue addressed by England's Declaration of Rights?
It made parliament stronger and protected the rights of the English people (first 10 amendments --> Bill of rights), and it said that the crown couldn't tax people or keep an army in peace time without parliament's consent. King lost almost all its power and Parliament got finally the power they wanted.

Page 521 #1-5

1. What were some Puritan Beliefs?
They wanted to say how the government raised and spent taxes. Beeing able to worship as they pleased. They believed in hard work and plain living and did not like the Crowns free spending ways

2. Why was the Glorious Revolution called "glorious"?
Because the change of the Ruler came without one shot beeing fired.

3. How did Great Britain tighten its control over American colonies?
In 1789, the National Assembly created the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen which stated that people were born equal, remain free, and had equal rights. They changed the way they traded about food and resources. They made the Stamp Act.

4. How did the British colonist respond to the Stamp Act?
Angry Mobs formed in many cities. Tax officials were threatened, and stamps were destroyed. People throughout the colonies decided to boycott, or refuse to buy, British goods

5. Who had the most power in the French government before/ after the French Revolution?
Before the Revolution the French King had the most power. Later French became a rebublic and the people had kind of a Democracy. They could decide which government they wanted.

2. Because the change in monarchs took place without a shot being fired, it got the name

3. They sold church lands to pay off what the government owned. Everyone had freedom of Speech. They started to work on an constitution get freedom in France and a constitutional monarchy. Assembly changed rights of citizens.

4. . Angry Mobs formed in many cities. Tax officials were threatened, and stamps were destroyed. People throughout the colonies decided to boycott, or refuse to buy, British goods

5. Because noble planed to destroy peasent houses and lives. So theyattacked them and burned down the houses of the Nobles and also the records of feudal dues.

How did Protestantism get its name, and what were some of the churches that belonged to this faith?
Because they protested against the Roman Catholic church. Churches Scandinavia and Switzerland.

What rules of behavior did John Calvin propose for his followers?
Work hard and save money.

What organization did Ignatius of Loyola form?
He formed the society of Jesus.

Why did Mary Tudor become known as "Bloody Mary"?
Because she wanted to make England to obey to the roman catholic church. Therefor she killed everybody who was no obeying (She burned hem by the stick or the head was chopped of).

How did the defeat of the spanish Armada help the Protestant cause?
It allowed europe to remain the Protestant stronghold.

What was the basis of alliances formed by German states in the 1590s and early 1600s.
The Germans based their alliances bases on religion.

1) Who were the Jesuits?  What did they believe and do as a group?
The Jesuits were members of the Society of Jesus. As a group, set up schools, helped the poor, lived simple lives, and worked to spread their beliefs all over the world. They believed as a group because you got allot more power if you were a big group.

2) How did the Pope and the Catholic Church reclaim Protestant areas?
They were saying that people had to do good deeds and have faith instead to enter heaven instead of praying.

3) What did the Council of Trent do?
They ended practices that had been looked down, such as the sale of indulgences.

4) Why did Henry VIII break with the Catholic Church?
It refused to divorce him so he could have a son with another woman.

5) Why was Queen Mary called Bloody Mary?
She had 300 people burned at the stake for heresy because they didn't want to return to the Roman Catholic Church.

6) What did Mary Tudor expect the people to do as soon as she become queen?
For people to return to the Roman Catholic Church.

7) What was the Church of England like under Elizabeth I?
 It changed to Protestant, a monarch would lead it, and they used Crammer's book to preach protestant beliefs.

8) Why did Spain do to war with Britain?
 Philip II thought he could make it Catholic if he conquered it.

9) What happened to the Spanish Armada?
The Spanish Armada was broken up when the English sent flaming ships into the spanish formation and then picked them off as they scattered.

10) What led to civil war in France in 1562? 
King Francis 1 wanted all French people to follow the Catholic church so he had many of the huguenots arrested.

Homework Page 447 #1-8

1. Whose writings did the scholars of western europe study during the Renaissance?
These from the ancient greeks and Romans.

2. Why were the Renaissance scholars called humanists?
Because they believed in the important's of the people.

3. What did the Rulers of the italian city-states do to encourage learning and development of art?
They spent money and encouraged scholars, poets, and philosophers, and set up palace schools.

4. Why did the people of florence turn to Savonarola in 1494?

They thought, that the government would stop spending food and houses and so money.

5. How was France introduced to the Renaissance?

trough the invasion of italy

6. What did Germany, Flanders, Spain, and England contribute to the Renaissance?

?

7. Of what did El Escorial become a well known symbol?

He became a symbol for power and religious devotion by Spanish rulers.

8. How did the Wars of the Roses get their name?

It came from the two fighting families which had as symbol a white and a red rose.

1) What was the War of the Roses?  Who won?
Two noble families (York and Lancaster) began a fight over the throne. At the end the Tudors, another family won the throne.

2) How did Henry VIII change history?
By convincing Parliament to declare him the head of the church of England, splitting with the roman catholic church.

3) How did he encourage the Renaissance in England?
Because he enjoyed art, literature, hunting, parties, playing instruments and composing music, nbles began looking to the Renaissance Italy for guidance in politics, diplomacy, and behavior.

4) Who was Queen Elizabeth?
Was Henries daughter and later queen of england.

5) What were English theaters like?
At the beginning open air but most of the publicum was under a roof or some sort of covering, but there were VIP seats. The plays were performed in the afternoon so that you had daylight.

6) Form what did Shakespeare draw ideas for his plays?
He drew them from his tragedies and comedies from the histories of england and ancient rome.

7) In a paragraph summarize the effects of the Renaissance on England.
It brought a new great ruler to power, it gave education and arts to england. Theatre's were build and one of the greatest playwrights of england came public. England became very culturel in this time

Chapter - Questions

1. How did the Estates-General help strengthen the French monarchy?

By got rid of disloyal nobles and put loyal persons of lower birth in their place. He stopped the raids of lawless vassals and granted charters to many towns, thus winning the loyalty of the townspeople. Made Paris to the center of government. He increased size of the kingdom. Ordered people to stop feuding. By marriage.

2. What changes did the Magna Carta bring about in English government.

It took away some king’s power and increased that of the nobles.

3. Why did the position of the common people in England and france improve as a result of the Hundred year’s war.

Peasont became more valuable, because their were not so many of them anymore.

4.How did Otto I set up a Christian Roman Empire in Western Europe?

He removed lords would not obey him and gave their estates  to his family. He made many of his disloyal followers bishops and abbots and gave them governments posts.

5. What did the Moors bring to Spain?

They brought artisans, merchants, bankers, doctors, and educators.

6. What was the purpose of the Spanish Inquisition?

Isabella and Ferdinand thought Moors and Jews would practice their old religion. So they tried and tortured thousands of people charged with heresy. More then 2000 were burned to death.